Thứ Năm, 8 tháng 5, 2025
Rising Asia Journal, Summer Issue May 2025
EPILOGUE _ VIETNAMESE CULTURAL HISTORY
RISING ASIA JOURNAL _ SUMMER ISSUE MAY 2025
THE CREATORS OF SOUTH VIETNAM
AT HOME AND ABROAD
The Vicissitudes of an Intensely Artistic People
The articles by Dr. Vinh included in this issue of Rising Asia all bear detailed witness to a significant historical fact: the government set up by the new state of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam subsequent to vanquishing the South in 1975 used every means in its power to extinguish the culture that had come to life under the Southern Republic in the period 1954 to 1975. In the two realms of literature and the visual arts, this effort has been at least temporarily successful; only a few stray stories and articles, and a few stray paintings and sculptures from that period have made their way back into the country during the half-century that has elapsed since the end of the war. But sociopolitical systems are not by their nature static; they evolve. It is possible that at some point during the coming half-century the literature and art of the Southern Republic will not pose a political challenge to some later Vietnamese regime and, hence, will be reaccepted into the culture. This, however, has not as yet occurred.
It is worth noting, however, that in one area the regime’s effort to eradicate the culture of the south utterly failed: the area of popular song. The regime certainly did its best in its early years to eradicate the music of the south. I am personally acquainted with a singer who was imprisoned for ten years as a consequence of having been caught listening to a song with “petty-bourgeois” characteristics. The regime wanted music to be revolutionary in spirit and to have a mass character. It was supposed to have nothing to do with merely personal desires. A particular object of opprobrium was “yellow music” (nhạc vàng), a type of formulaically morose music designed to soothe the tired nerves of people in cafés and bars. It was produced and performed in great profusion under the Republic. The opposition of the government to this type of music was based in part on an ancient Chinese superstition, very influential in East Asia, according to which music of the wrong sort can bring a nation or dynasty to ruin, whereas music of the right sort can cause a nation or dynasty to flourish. There was a Chinese name for music of the wrong sort: wáng guó zhī yīn 亡國之音, or “nation-destroying music.” But for several decades now, “nation-destroying music,” a category mainly composed of songs created under the Southern Republic, has completely triumphed in Vietnam. The regime has made efforts to promote “red music” (nhạc đỏ)—jolly, martial, optimistic tunes sung by happy comrades—but yellow music is what people overwhelmingly prefer to listen to.